您是不是從小就開始學習如何寫英文Report？不過！為什麼那麼多考生在Report的表現還是飄忽不定呢？一個大家對了那麼久的文體，照道理來說應該是手到拿來才對。考生在Report寫失手很可能就是與這篇文章有關。小編會在本文梳理出寫Report 格式、行文風格、寫作技巧等，讓您step by step無痛寫出lvl 5+ 的英文作文。
Report 格式
我們研究了不少高分範文裏的Report 格式，以下是我們總結出來的標準Report 格式：
Report Tittle 【報告標題】
Introduction 【引言】
Sub-heading 1 【小標題 1】
Body Paragraph 1 【正文 1】
Sub-heading 2 【小標題 2】
Body Paragraph 2 【正文 2】
…
Conclusion 【總結】
Report 是什麼
Report(報告)是指一份撰寫的文件，用於描述、解釋或陳述特定主題或問題的情況、結果、分析和建議。報告可以在學術、商業、科學、政府等領域中使用，並且常常需要根據特定的格式和結構進行撰寫。
Report 常見程度
報告在DSE考試中是經常出現的一種文體，尤其是卷二寫作。因此，大家務必要熟讀Report的格式及行文風格，才可保證萬無一失。
Report 報告書 vs Proposal 建議書 分別
「報告書」和「建議書」是兩種不同的文件形式。
報告書主要用於向讀者呈現關於特定主題的事實和資訊。它通常包括對該主題的研究、調查或分析的結果。報告書的目的是提供對特定問題或情況的客觀描述，並以清晰、系統化的方式呈現結果。報告書通常包括標題、摘要、引言、方法、結果、討論和結論等部分。報告書的重點是提供準確的資訊，並且通常不包含具體的建議或行動計劃。
建議書則是用於向讀者提出建議、提案或計劃的文件。它的目的是在特定的問題或情況下提供解決方案或改進措施。建議書通常包括問題陳述、解決方法、預期結果、實施計劃和相關資源等部分。建議書的重點是提供具體的建議並解釋為什麼這些建議是有效的。它通常還包括評估風險、財務估算和時間框架等方面。
Report Step 1：標題 Title
通常，考生都要在報告中加上一個恰當的標題，這讓考生感到困擾。其實，只需要簡單的一句話就可以解決這個問題。例如：
A Report on ___________
An Analysis of ___________
簡單就是王道，不需要花巧，重要的是能夠得分，只要記住在題目要求下加上標題就可以了。
Report Step 2：開頭/引言
DSE Report Introduction
引言是報告的開頭部分，用於概述報告的內容和目的，以便讀者能夠了解報告的重點和重要性。
以下是引言在報告中的幾個作用：
- 提供背景資訊：引言通常提供一些背景資訊，以便讀者了解報告的上下文和背景。這包括解釋研究或調查的動機、問題陳述、相關的歷史背景或環境等。通過提供這些資訊，引言幫助讀者建立對報告主題的基本了解。
- 概述報告內容和結構：引言還可以概述報告的內容和結構，向讀者展示將要討論的主題和報告的組織方式。這樣，讀者可以在閱讀報告之前對其整體框架有一個清晰的認識，從而更好地理解報告的各個部分。
- 強調報告的重要性：引言可以強調報告的重要性和價值。它可以解釋為什麼該報告的主題對相關利益者很重要，以及報告可能對他們產生的影響。
步驟1 提供背景資訊
您需要提供關於研究主題的背景資訊。這涵蓋該主題的歷史、相關文獻和研究，以及相關行業或領域的情境。
例句：
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize various aspects of human life, including the workforce.
人工智慧 (AI) 已成為一種變革性技術，有可能徹底改變人類生活的各個方面，包括勞動力。
Over the past decade, AI has made significant advancements, thanks to breakthroughs in machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing.
在過去的十年中，由於機器學習、深度學習和自然語言處理的突破，人工智慧取得了顯著的進步。
步驟2 目的
這一步的目的是讓您能夠清楚地陳述您的研究目的或報告的目標。您可以描述您希望達到的特定結果、解決的問題，或者是您想要回答的研究問題。
例句：
The objective of this report is to assess the efficacy of a recently implemented marketing campaign in augmenting the target audience’s awareness of the brand.
本報告的目的是評估最近實施的行銷活動在增強目標受眾對品牌的認知方面的效果。
步驟3 報告大綱
例句：
The report is starting with the impact of artificial intelligence on the future of work, followed by the objectives and purpose of the report, and concluding with a summary of the research methodology and data sources used.
報告首先介紹了人工智慧對未來工作的影響，然後介紹了報告的目標和目的，最後總結了所使用的研究方法和數據來源。
Report Step 3：小標題
DSE Report Sub-heading
寫小標題是一種方便讀者閱讀並概括內容的技巧。以下是一些寫小標題的技巧：
- 包含關鍵字：小標題應該包含具有代表性的關鍵詞，能夠涵蓋該部分的核心內容。
- 一致性：保持每一個小標題的結構性一致性，使用相同的文法結構或詞彙形式。
需要注意的是，很多同學被「Introduction」、「Solutions」、「Recommendations」、「Conclusion」等字眼影響，就直覺地認為小標題一定要只有一個詞。事實上，在許多高分範文中也有使用了長達10個字的小標題。不過，如果不想寫太長的同學，小編還是建議簡短便可。
Report Step 4：正文
DSE Report Body Paragraph
報告正文是報告中的主要內容部分，通常包含對研究、調查、分析或其他主題的詳細描述和結果。報告正文的目的是提供讀者所需的具體資訊，以支持報告的主題或目標。
主題句 Topic sentence
簡要介紹這一段正文的背景、目的和範圍。
有時候可能不需要因為小標題可能已經做了主題句的角色。
The shift towards renewable energy sources has brought about greater energy independence, reducing dependence on foreign energy imports and promoting local economic growth.
向再生能源的轉變帶來了更大的能源獨立性，減少了對外國能源進口的依賴，促進了當地經濟成長。
原因 Reason
提出原因作證您的point
例句：
The installation and maintenance of renewable energy infrastructure require skilled workers, including engineers, technicians, and construction workers. Additionally, the manufacturing of renewable energy equipment and components contributes to job growth.
再生能源基礎設施的安裝和維護需要熟練工人，包括工程師、技術人員和建築工人。 此外，再生能源設備和零件的製造也有助於就業成長。
例子 Example
舉例子，請盡量具體。有確實的主體，有確實的結果。
For instance, Germany has made substantial investments in solar energy, leading to a decrease in its greenhouse gas emissions by 45 million tons annually.
例如，德國對太陽能進行了大量投資，每年減少溫室氣體排放4,500萬噸。
The country now generates more than 40% of its electricity from wind power, reducing its reliance on imported fossil fuels.
目前，該國40%以上的電力來自風力發電，減少了對進口化石燃料的依賴。
For example, in Kenya, the M-KOPA Solar initiative has provided affordable solar home systems to over 750,000 households, enabling children to study at night, supporting small businesses, and improving overall living conditions.
例如，在肯亞，M-KOPA Solar 計畫已為超過 75 萬個家庭提供了負擔得起的太陽能家用系統，使兒童能夠在夜間學習，支持小型企業，並改善整體生活條件。
影響 Impact
例句：
Smart healthcare systems provide efficient healthcare services, remote monitoring, and personalized patient care. Smart waste management systems optimize waste collection and recycling, leading to cleaner and healthier environments.
智慧醫療系統提供高效的醫療服務、遠端監控和個人化的患者護理。 智慧廢棄物管理系統優化廢棄物收集和回收，帶來更清潔、更健康的環境。
建議 Suggestion
提出建議時，必需具體，最好有做法、期望結果等。
Establishing comprehensive and standardized regulations for autonomous driving is essential to ensure public safety and address legal liabilities. Governments and regulatory bodies need to work collaboratively with industry stakeholders to develop guidelines, safety standards, and certification processes.
建立全面、規範的自動駕駛法規對於確保公共安全和解決法律責任至關重要。 政府和監管機構需要與行業利益相關者合作制定指南、安全標準和認證流程。
短總結句 Short conclusion
為每一段內文收尾，不一定需要。
例句：
In short, the team’s hard work and dedication paid off with a remarkable victory.
簡而言之，球隊的辛勤工作和奉獻精神得到了回報，並取得了令人矚目的勝利。
In brief, the new marketing strategy has significantly boosted sales and improved brand visibility.
簡而言之，新的行銷策略顯著提高了銷售並提高了品牌知名度。
完整內文
嘗試把上面的技巧融在一起。
【主題句】
Sustainability is another key aspect of smart cities.
【原因】
By leveraging technology, cities can monitor and manage their energy consumption more efficiently, leading to reduced carbon emissions and improved environmental sustainability.
【例子】
Singapore is often referred to as one of the leading smart cities globally. The city-state has implemented various smart solutions, such as an extensive network of sensors for traffic management, smart parking systems, and a centralized platform for real-time monitoring of energy consumption. Singapore also utilizes a smart water management system to optimize water usage and reduce wastage. This makes Singapore a really sustainable city.
【總結句】
Sustainability is a fundamental aspect of smart cities, allowing for efficient energy management, reduced carbon emissions, and improved environmental sustainability through the integration of technology and innovative solutions.
Report Step 5：過渡段
Report Transition Paragraph
Report尤其DSE Report 最常見的過渡就是現階段分析然後建議/解決辦法。不過就算時怎樣的過渡，過渡段都需要總結上文，開啟下文
例句：
The consequences of these environmental issues are far-reaching and affect not only the natural world but also human health and well-being. Therefore, it is crucial that we take immediate action to mitigate these negative effects.
這些環境問題的後果是深遠的，不僅影響自然世界，也影響人類的健康和福祉。 因此，我們必須立即採取行動減輕這些負面影響。
Report Step 6：結尾/總結
DSE Report Conclusion
我們可以將結論分為三個部分：
- 概括整個Report
- 概括每一個/大部分points
- 談談對這個話題的願景或預測，但不能引入新的論點。
注意！具體內容的長短取決於整篇文章的長度。一般來說，結論的字數約為文章總字數的5-10%。例如，一篇文章有1000字，那麼結論部分就應該寫大概100字。
概括報告
可能您會覺得概括很難，不過其實只要講講您寫的大圍野便可，例如：「Problems」、「Solutions」、「Reason behind」等
例句：
In this report, an examination has been conducted of the obstacles and approaches to enhancement within the education system, culminating in the provision of actionable suggestions.
在本報告中，對教育系統內的障礙和加強方法進行了審查，最終提供了可行的建議。
概括每一個point
大概就是講每一個正文部份抽幾個關鍵字，然後用1-2句串連一齊。
例如：因為有某某原因，所以有某某好過。或者因為某某原因，所以需要做某某改善。
例句：
As a result of the prevalent overprotective parenting and lack of opportunities for youth, it is necessary to implement both preventative and reintegrative measures to ensure NEETs’ long-term social integration and successful transition into adulthood.
由於普遍存在的過度保護性養育和青少年缺乏機會，有必要實施預防和重返社會措施，以確保尼特族長期融入社會並成功過渡到成年。
願景
例句：
This report is to foster a world where technology empowers and connects individuals, fostering innovation, collaboration, and sustainable progress.
本報告旨在打造一個技術賦能個人、將個人連結、促進創新、協作和永續進步的世界。
DSE Report Step 7 語境意識
報告應有的語境意識是指在撰寫報告時，對於報告的讀者和使用場景有清晰的理解和意識。這意味著在撰寫報告時，需要考慮到讀者的背景知識、專業水平和需求，以便提供相應的內容和語言風格。
因為這是一份報告，用於向他人匯報，所以在用詞和寫作風格上應該使用被動語態而非主動語態。此外，報告應該呈現客觀中立的觀點，而不應帶有主觀意見。因此，在撰寫報告時，應該避免使用”I”、”You”等詞語。
例如：
- It is reported that SVO
- It is suggested that SVO
雖然這些看似微小的細節，卻是一些可能導致失分的陷阱。只要能夠注意並改進這些問題，就能輕鬆獲得更高的分數。
DSE Report 5** 範文
是次範文來自2015年DSE英文寫作的某一題。
報告標題
Report – Cinemas in Hong Kong
報告引言
【背景介紹】
Recently, it is noticed that the number of people going to cinemas is declining. It is definitely disheartening to see the movie industry of Hong Kong fading. Therefore, it is time we probed into the problem to find out the reasons behind, working out solutions to halt the deterioration of the situation.
【開啟下文】
Below are the two main reasons contributing to the fall in the number of moviegoers in Hong Kong:
報告小標題 1
Rising popularity of free movie sites / applications
報告正文 1
【主題句】
In this technological era, it is no surprise that free movie sites and applications are being developed.
【簡單描述】
Basically, these online movie streaming sites or apps allow users to watch movies online, or even download the movies without paying a cent.
【原因】
Compared to going to cinemas, people undoubtedly think that watching movies at home on these sites and apps is more convenient and economical. What’s more, the movies on these sites and apps are very up-to-date. Within two to three months after the release of the film, it can be found on these sites, eliminating the need for people to watch their favourite movie in cinemas.
【總結句】
Arguably, the availability of alternatives is the reason why the number of moviegoers is plunging.
報告小標題 2
Development of other entertainments
報告正文 2
【主題句】
A decade ago, going to cinemas may happen to be the cheapest entertainment for most people, whether it is a family day or just a group of friends hanging out.
【原因】
However, in recent years, myriads of new and attractive forms of entertainment have emerged, with smartphone applications being the most significant ones. Smartphones allow people to download apps (including the movie streaming apps mentioned) to play or chat with each other.
【影響】
In the long run, people have become less outgoing, not to mention dating in the cinema. Going to studios providing high quality equipment for people to take photos by themselves, going to themed cafes, to name but just a few, are also some affordable and trendy forms of recreations that reduce the competitiveness of cinemas.
報告過渡段
【總結上文】
Clearly, no longer do some people find going to cinemas fun. Nevertheless, there is nothing insurmountable.
【開啟下文】
Below are some constructive measures that could be taken to increase the number of moviegoers:
報告小標題 3
Strengthen the enforcement of law
報告正文 3
【原因】
It is beyond doubt that the online movie streaming sites are illegally uploading the movies for users. Their behaviour is actually violating the intellectual property right of the movie producers as well.
【建議】
Therefore, the government should shoulder the responsibility of cracking down on those illegal websites and penalizing the designers of these sites. Not only can this increase the number of moviegoers, it creates a deterrent effect to these illegal sites creators, reducing the number of such sites in the long-term.
報告小標題 4
Promotion by local movie stars
報告正文 4
【原因】
The effort by the government alone is insufficient to increase public incentive to go to cinemas.
【建議】
Movie producers, the ones who will benefit most from the increase in the number of moviegoers, should also encourage people to go to cinemas.
【例子】
They can arrange movie stars, including Tony Leung, Stephen Chow and Chow Yun-fat to play roles in some TV advertisement to encourage people to go to cinemas to watch films.
【總結句】
With the influential power of the famous movie stars, more people would be encouraged to watch movies in the cinemas.
報告小標題 5
Provide promotional offers to consumers
報告正文 5
The reason why those online streaming sites have prevailed over cinemas is that they are free of charge. Of course cinemas cannot offer to allow people to watch movies free, but cinemas can provide discount offers of 10% to 20% to raise people’s incentives to go to cinemas as well as create an advertising effect. Recently, the Hong Kong Movie Association partnered with 759 stores, providing a 10% off in movie tickets to customers who purchase in the stores. The campaign was a success and a rise in the number of moviegoers was seen, proving that providing discount offers would likely work wonders.
報告總結
To conclude, the rising popularity of illicit online movie streaming sites and applications, as well as the growth of alternatives of recreation are the main culprits of the plunge in the number of moviegoers. It is earnestly hoped that the three suggestions mentioned would be implemented in the foreseeable future and would help increase the number of people going to cinemas.