這篇文章將會告訴您所有DSE Reading 常見題型的解題技巧
如果您想：
- 只從一篇文章取得大量reading 技巧
- 用技巧來彌補語文上的不足
小編建議您讀完整篇文章！
True False Not Given
T/F/NG 技巧
黃金兩步判斷技巧
第1步
題目中有任何一字與原文的意思相反或矛盾就是False
不是的話就可能是True/Not Given
第2步
- 題目中每字都與原文的意思相乎就是True
- 在文章中完全沒有提及或者原文和題目的事物可以共存，沒有矛盾，存在很多可能性就是Not Given
**注意，如果題目有並列關係的話，有可能一部分是True，一部分是False，一部分是Not Given
記住！
- 如有部份答案是False，題目所陳述的就是False
- 如沒有False，但有部份答案是Not Given，題目所陳述的就是Not Given
- 如果答案要寫True，就必須所有部份都是True
T/F/NG 實戰
問題
- The compound was unknown to the public previously.
- The compound displays traditional Hong Kong art in the art galleries.
原文
Officially re-christened with its former nickname, Tai Kwun, the Cantonese equivalent of `the big house’, the compound now includes art galleries, exhibitions on local history, shops, restaurants and bars. “The philosophy has been very clear from day one,” says Winnie Yeung, Tai Kwun’s head of heritage.“We’re trying to turn a closed-off site that Hong Kong people were familiar with but never had a chance to go inside into a site that is open to the public with easy access.
解題
The compound was unknown to the public previously.
原文有“were familiar with but never had a chance to go inside into a site”
“were familiar with” & “was unknown” 兩者不能共存。
因此答案是False
The compound displays traditional Hong Kong art in the art galleries.
原文有關部分：“the compound now includes art galleries, exhibitions on local history, shops, restaurants and bars.”
兩者沒有矛盾，因此不會是False
“displays traditional Hong Kong art in the art galleries” & “the compound now includes art galleries”
兩者可以共存且原文並沒有呼應題目
因此，答案是Not Given
字詞/片語的意思
題目問法
- Find a word that means “XX”?
- What is the meaning of “XX”?
判斷意思的技巧
- 閱讀前後一兩句，留意作者的觀點是正面還是負面。 因為上下文意思應該一致，所以如果作者的觀點是正面，字詞或片語應該是褒義；如果作者的觀點是負面，應該是貶義。
- 留意詞性是否和選擇配合
- 留意單眾數是否和選擇配合
字詞/片語的意思 實戰
問題
What does ‘fell on the wrong side of it’ (line 3) mean?
- broke the law
- fell off a wall
- made the wrong decision
- put something in the wrong place
原文
For 179 years, the former Victoria Prison and Central Police Station compound stood aloof in the heart of Hong Kong, visible yet inaccessible – unless you enforced the law or fell on the wrong side of it. Now everyone has a chance to step inside its walls. After a long and arduous conversion into a centre for art and heritage, Hong Kong’s most significant heritage conservation project is finally complete.
解題
“visible yet inaccessible – unless you enforced the law or fell on the wrong side of it”
所以“fell on the wrong side of it”應該都是能打破“visible yet inaccessible”的狀態
- fell off a wall
- put something in the wrong place
就顯得太直白，不像是答案
- broke the law
- made the wrong decision
“broke the law”在意思上比較與原文匹配，且配合or的結構。
因此，答案就是“broke the law”
同義詞 / 相反詞
同義詞 / 相反詞 題目問法
- Find a word in the text that means “XXX”
- Find an expression in the text that means “XXX”. Write one word in each space.
- Which words mean the same as the following:
- Find words in lines 1-8 which could be replaced by the following:
- Look for words or expressions which are the opposite in meaning to:
同義詞 / 相反詞 題目技巧
- 題目中詞語與答案的詞性和單眾數必然相同
- 用詞性推斷答案位置
n. | 句子開頭 preposition後面 that後面 代名詞(his, my, etc.)後面 |
v. | 主語/名詞後面 to後面 情態動詞後面 who/which/that後面 |
adj. | 名詞前面 is/am/are/was/were/be /been後面 |
adv. | 動詞前面 動詞後面 句子最尾 形容詞或另一個副詞的前面 |
Prep. | 動詞之後/名詞之前 |
Conj. | 句子或名詞中間 |
- 判斷答案字數
- Words =1
- Phrases >1
- Expressions >1
同義詞 / 相反詞 題目實戰
問題
Find a word or phrase in paragraph 1 which has a similar meaning to ”enter“
原文
For 179 years, the former Victoria Prison and Central Police Station compound stood aloof in the heart of Hong Kong, visible yet inaccessible – unless you enforced the law or fell on the wrong side of it. Now everyone has a chance to step inside its walls. After a long and arduous conversion into a centre for art and heritage, Hong Kong’s most significant heritage conservation project is finally complete.
解題
”Find a word or phrase“，所以無法判斷答案字數
“enter”是動詞，所以答案也是動詞
有什麽可能答案？
先試一試一個字
stood, step, is
好像沒有一個對
試一試多於一個字
stood aloof, step inside
檢查意思合理性
- For 179 years, the former Victoria Prison and Central Police Station compound enter in the heart of Hong Kong
意思不合理 - Now everyone has a chance to enter its walls.
意思合理。所以答案是“step inside”
refer題
refer題 問法
- What does ‘it’ refer to?
- Who are ‘these people’?
- ‘here’ refers to…
- ‘which’ refers to…
- ‘the problem’ refers to…
- “This” refers to …
- Winston pulled his card. It…
- What is “the phenomenon”?… The propensity to worship idols…
- the kind of people objecting to celebrity culture… I am one of them.
- What does “one” refer to?
J. The girl, “You forgot your change.”
refer題 技巧
- 答案通常在前面
- 判斷答案是人還是物
- 代名詞是眾數，答案都會是眾數
- 代入檢查意思
refer題 實戰
問題
Who or what does `they’ (line 22) refer to?
原文
Then there are letters like the one when a librarian from Manchester says,“I am going to marry a young Italian farmer half my age and my friends all think I’m crazy,” and I think to myself well, they are right, probably – but not definitely, because, who knows, hers could be the one young Italian farmer scenario that ends happily ever after. So all I can do is point her in the direction of the potential pitfalls and wish her luck.
解題
“Who or what”無法判斷答案是人還是物
they代表plural，答案也應該要是plural
they前面有什麽可疑答案？
letters, my friends
就算看後面，可疑答案也只有pitfalls
I think myself well, letters are right 奇奇怪怪
I think myself well, my friends are right 意思合理
不過，要小心這是 a librarian from Manchester講的
所以答案是 librarian’s friends
填充題
填充題 問法
這些題目很多時候都會是summary cloze
填充題 技巧
- 確定空格的part of speech
- 用原文及空格附近的關鍵字判斷答案位置
- 注意是否要exactly用原文字眼
- 小心grammar
- 檢查意思是否合理
填充題 實戰
問題
Complete the summary of paragraph 8 by using ONE word taken from paragraph 8 for each gap.
During the project, a number of (i) were made by the Jockey Club, for example, while working on one of the buildings in the compound, part of it (ii). Also, in the prisoners’ (iii) the Jockey Club did not preserve the graffiti. As a result, they were (iv) for losing some of the buildings’ original atmosphere.
原文
There have been some missteps. In 2016, a wall in one of the site’s oldest buildings collapsed during an attempt to reinforce it. And the Jockey Club has been criticised for failing to preserve some of the nonarchitectural elements of the site’s heritage, like graffiti that had been scrawled by prisoners on the walls of their cells.“The renovation is sometimes excessive, overly new, leading to a loss of the original patina of the heritage buildings,” says Law.
解題
a number of (i), 所以part of speech 應該是noun
(ii) part of speech 應該是verb，不然意思不通順
(iii)part of speech 是 noun，因爲‘s
(iv)part of speech 是 verb或者adjectives
尋找答案
(i)
- “a number of” 對 “some”
- 附近最直接的答案就是“missteps”
- 而且代入後文法正確，意思合理
- 因此答案是missteps
(ii)
- “one of the buildings” 對 one of the site’s oldest buildings
- 有什麽可疑答案？
- 就verb而言，附近有been, collapsed, reinforce
- 代入空格
- part of it been 奇奇怪怪
- part of it collapsed 意思合理
- part of it reinforced 文法合理，但意思奇奇怪怪
- 因此(ii)的答案 collapsed
(iii)
- 由於有’s，所以原文很可能有their等字眼。
- graffiti 對 graffiti
- 附近有什麽可疑答案？
- 如果要是noun的話，可疑答案有：
- Jockey Club, elements heritage, graffiti, walls, cells
- 注意原文寫“by prisoners on the walls of their cells”
- 因此cells會是答案，而其他可疑答案代入後的意思都奇奇怪怪
(iv)
- losing 對 failing to preserve
- original atmosphere 對 nonarchitectural elements of the site’s heritage
- 附近有什麽可疑答案？
- criticised, scrawled
- they were criticised for losing some of the buildings’ original atmosphere. 意思合理
- they were scrawled for losing some of the buildings’ original atmosphere. 意思奇奇怪怪
- 所以答案是criticised，這條題目當年只有34%命中率
給原因題
給原因題 問法
- Give a reason
- Explain
- Why
- What is the purpose / aim …?
給原因題 技巧
- 留意reason, why, because, due to, with, to, through, by, which, so等表達因果關係的字眼
- 留意分數，例如2分2個重點
給原因題 實戰 1
問題
With reference to paragraph 3 , state ONE reason why the building work was especially challenging.
原文
That was a challenge like nothing Hong Kong had seen before. The first iteration of Victoria Prison was built in 1841. It was the first permanent structure built by the British in their new colonial possession. With l8 different buildings, three of which are declared monuments – a designation that imposes legail restrictions on how a building can be modified – the restoration work was destined to be particularly complicated.
解題
掃視原文部份，
有明顯的因果關係句子：
With l8 different buildings, three of which are declared monuments – a designation that imposes legail restrictions on how a building can be modified – the restoration work was destined to be particularly complicated.
從句子結構中可以見到 l8 different buildings是原因
答案就是 l8 different buildings
這條題目當年只有46%命中率
給原因題 實戰 2
問題
According to paragraph ll, why did the mother decide to spend the night at Chancery Lane, next to the prison?
原文
“When the owner was still a very young boy, he cried a lot when he was sleeping at night,” she says. “His father had to get up early the next morning, so what his mother did was to bring him all the way to Chanccry Lane next to the prison and get them to sleep there – because Victoria Prison after lights off was the quietest place in Central. It gives you a sense of how the site has always had this very strong connection to the community even though it was surrounded by walls.”
解題
掃視原文部份，
有明顯的因果關係句子：
His father had to get up early the next morning, so what his mother did was to bring him all the way to Chanccry Lane next to the prison and get them to sleep there – because Victoria Prison after lights off was the quietest place in Central.
Chancery Lane 關鍵字也在其中，答案應該就在附近
從句子結構中可以見到 l8 different buildings是原因
because後面是原因
Victoria Prison after lights off was the quietest place in Central
so前面是原因
His father had to get up early the next morning
答案就是這兩句
觀點題
觀點題問法
下列的問題字眼雖然不同，但都是有意無意地考作者/其他人的觀點：
- What is the tone in paragraph 1?
- The main idea expressed in paragraph 1 and 2 is that…
- In paragraph 6, the author’s main point is …
- The writer considers that…
- What is the tone of the writer?
- How does the writer feel about…?
- The writer’s conclusion is that…
- The writer wants you to feel…
- What message is implied?
觀點題技巧
- 注意形容詞
- 認清句子是直述句、問句還是反問句，從句子的性質及形容詞判斷作者
考生還可以：
- 留意It is important to、It is essential to等句式
- 留意What we should do is…等句式
- 留意連接詞，明白句子與句子之間的因果關係(because, so)和轉折關係 (although, but, However, instead)
觀點題實戰
問題
What is the tone of Norton’s response to P Smith?
- bitter
- amusing
- reflective
- supportive
原文
What comes out of the top of your head? Steel wool? But you aren’t driving a car or operating heavy machinery, so next time, why not do this thing I’ve discovered when confronted with something I don’t want to see – shut your eyes! A longer fringe may also help.
解題
- “What comes out of the top of your head? Steel wool?”
- 作者話Smith不是在“driving a car or operating heavy machinery”，所以作者叫Smith閉眼
- “shut your eyes! A longer fringe may also help.” 閉眼或者稍長的瀏海可能有幫助
這三句問句或多或少都有些搞笑的成分，因此答案是B amusing